Classical Economics, a school of economic thought that emerged in the 18th and 19th centuries, encompasses a development theory based on several key principles.

1. Laissez-faire: Classical economists, such as Adam Smith and David Ricardo, advocated for minimal government intervention in the economy. They believed that markets, if left to operate freely, would efficiently allocate resources and promote economic growth.

1. Self-Interest and Competition: Classical economics assumes that individuals and firms act in their self-interest, aiming to maximize profits or utility. Competition among these self-interested entities is seen as a driving force that leads to optimal outcomes for society as a whole.
2. Say’s Law: This proposition, associated with Jean-Baptiste Say, suggests that the production of goods creates an income that is then spent on other goods. In other words, supply creates its own demand, implying that a well-functioning economy will naturally achieve full employment.
3. Saving and Investment: Classical economists emphasized the importance of saving and investment in driving economic development. They argued that savings provide the funds for investment, which, in turn, leads to the creation of capital and increased productivity.

The main purposes of Classical Economics development theory include:

1. Promoting Economic Growth: The primary goal is to achieve sustained economic growth by allowing markets to operate freely. This growth is expected to benefit society as a whole.
2. Efficient Resource Allocation: Classical economists believe that free markets efficiently allocate resources, as prices signal scarcity and guide individuals and firms in making rational economic decisions.
3. Full Employment: Through the operation of Say’s Law, Classical Economics envisions a self-regulating economy that naturally attains full employment when left to market forces.
4. Wealth Creation: By encouraging savings, investment, and the pursuit of self-interest, Classical Economics aims to create wealth and improve the overall standard of living.

It’s important to note that while Classical Economics has significantly influenced economic thought, it has also been critiqued and supplemented by other theories over time, such as Keynesian Economics and neoclassical perspectives. These alternative theories often advocate for a more active role of government in managing the economy, particularly during periods of economic downturns.