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Anything that enables us to exchange more easily will help to make us wealthier. Steven Horwitz The progress of humanity is the story of the ongoing reduction of transaction costs. Increases in wealth simply mean that people are getting more of the things they value. For me, that sentence...

Introduction To Maximum Welfare Principle ↓   Richard Musgrave designates Dalton's Principle of 'Maximum Social Advantage' as the 'Maximum Welfare Principle of Budget Determination'.   According to Musgrave, Dalton has proposed two principles of budget policy. The first is that resources should be distributed among different directions in such a way as to...

An emissions tax The purpose of this page is to describe an emissions tax (e.g., carbon tax) using the most basic of all environmental economic models. Consider a polluting firm that faces an increasing marginal abatement cost curve (click on the thumbnail for a larger picture). Left...

Prabhat Patnaik The Narendra Modi government has now carried its penchant for undermining institutions to the national budget itself. Not only has it treated what should have been an interim budget, as its tenure lasts barely two months into the new financial year, as a full-fledged...

Jomo Kwame Sundaram and Rosli Omar Owing to our varied circumstances and experiences, there are contradictory tendencies to either exaggerate or underestimate the power and importance of artificial intelligence (AI) in contemporary society. Nor should we uncritically legitimize everything AI can be used for, even if...

Freedom Is Future-Facing Free-market advocates must not be beguiled that technological change and disruption mean the end of capitalism. Conservatives and classical liberals face a challenge today similar to that faced by William F. Buckley Jr. at the founding of National Review as he stood athwart history yelling, “Stop!”...